OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What is the role of the cell wall in anaerobic respiration?

1. Protecting the DNA from damage

2. Providing the cell with support and structure

3. Facilitating the movement of nutrients

4. Initiating energy production

The correct answer is: Providing the cell with support and structure

The cell wall primarily functions to provide support and structure to the cell. In both plant cells and some prokaryotic cells, the cell wall is essential for maintaining shape and integrity, especially under varying levels of environmental pressure. This structural role is crucial, as it ensures the cell retains its form and does not burst, particularly in situations where osmotic pressure might change. In the context of anaerobic respiration, which occurs without oxygen, the integrity of the cell wall helps to maintain a stable environment for the metabolic processes taking place within the cell. While anaerobic respiration is focused on energy production, the overall health and stability of the cell are significantly influenced by the physical support that the cell wall provides. This support enables the cell to continue functioning effectively, regardless of whether it is undergoing aerobic or anaerobic processes. Therefore, the role of the cell wall in maintaining cell structure is essential for the proper functioning of the cell, especially during metabolic activities like anaerobic respiration.