OCR General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) Biology Practice Exam

What is defined as the cell cycle?

1. A process where cells perform specialized functions

2. The process of cell growth and division

3. The method cells use to form organs

4. A cycle of hormonal changes within the body

The correct answer is: The process of cell growth and division

The cell cycle refers specifically to the series of stages that a cell goes through as it grows and divides. This includes phases such as interphase, where the cell undergoes growth and DNA replication, followed by mitosis, where the cell's nucleus and genetic material are divided and distributed into two daughter cells. The process of cell growth and division is key for development, tissue repair, and reproduction in living organisms, making option B the accurate definition of the cell cycle. The other options describe different biological processes. Specialized functions relate to differentiated cells that have distinct roles, not the cycle of growth and division. The method of forming organs involves more complex interactions, including differentiation and organization of various cell types rather than just the cycle of the individual cell. Finally, hormonal changes pertain to the endocrine system and physiological responses, which are unrelated to the mechanics of cell cycle.